When running dir() to DelphiVCL library or any DelphiVCL methods and properties in all previous sections, you might find many of Python’s built-in objects and properties. Previously, we already discussed about __doc__, __file__, __loader__, __name__, __package__,__spec__, __class__, __contains__, __delattr__, __dir__, __eq__, __format__, __ge__, __getattribute__, __getitem__, __gt__, __hash__, __init__, __init_subclass__, __iter__, __le__, __len__, __lt__, __ne__, __new__, __reduce__, __reduce_ex__, __repr__, __rmod__, __rmul__, __setattr__, __sizeof__, __str__, and __subclasshook__.
Here are more built-in function objects inside the DelphiVCL library and their descriptions:
Table of Contents
__add__: object.__add__(self)
These methods are called to implement the binary arithmetic operations (+, -, *, @, /, //, %, divmod(), pow(), **, <<, >>, &, ^, |). For instance, to evaluate the expression x + y, where x is an instance of a class that has an __add__() method, x.__add__(y) is called. The __divmod__() method should be the equivalent to using __floordiv__() and __mod__(); it should not be related to __truediv__(). Note that __pow__() should be defined to accept an optional third argument if the ternary version of the built-in pow() function is to be supported.
If one of those methods does not support the operation with the supplied arguments, it should return NotImplemented.
__bool__: object.__bool__(self)
Called to implement truth value testing and the built-in operation bool(); should return False or True. When this method is not defined, __len__() is called, if it is defined, and the object is considered true if its result is nonzero. If a class defines neither __len__() nor __bool__(), all its instances are considered true.
__getnewargs_ex__(): object.__getnewargs_ex__()
In protocols 2 and newer, classes that implement the __getnewargs_ex__() method can dictate the values passed to the __new__() method upon unpickling. The method must return a pair (args, kwargs) where args is a tuple of positional arguments and kwargs a dictionary of named arguments for constructing the object. Those will be passed to the __new__() method upon unpickling.
You should implement this method if the __new__() method of your class requires keyword-only arguments. Otherwise, it is recommended for compatibility to implement __getnewargs__().
Changed in version 3.6: __getnewargs_ex__() is now used in protocols 2 and 3.
__getnewargs__: object.__getnewargs__()
This method serves a similar purpose as __getnewargs_ex__(), but supports only positional arguments. It must return a tuple of arguments args which will be passed to the __new__() method upon unpickling.
__getnewargs__() will not be called if __getnewargs_ex__() is defined.
Changed in version 3.6: Before Python 3.6, __getnewargs__() was called instead of __getnewargs_ex__() in protocols 2 and 3.
__mod__: object.__mod__(self, other)
These methods are called to implement the binary arithmetic operations (+, -, *, @, /, //, %, divmod(), pow(), **, <<, >>, &, ^, |). For instance, to evaluate the expression x + y, where x is an instance of a class that has an __add__() method, x.__add__(y) is called. The __divmod__() method should be the equivalent to using __floordiv__() and __mod__(); it should not be related to __truediv__(). Note that __pow__() should be defined to accept an optional third argument if the ternary version of the built-in pow() function is to be supported.
If one of those methods does not support the operation with the supplied arguments, it should return NotImplemented.
__mul__: object.__mul__(self, other)
These methods are called to implement the binary arithmetic operations (+, -, *, @, /, //, %, divmod(), pow(), **, <<, >>, &, ^, |). For instance, to evaluate the expression x + y, where x is an instance of a class that has an __add__() method, x.__add__(y) is called. The __divmod__() method should be the equivalent to using __floordiv__() and __mod__(); it should not be related to __truediv__(). Note that __pow__() should be defined to accept an optional third argument if the ternary version of the built-in pow() function is to be supported.
If one of those methods does not support the operation with the supplied arguments, it should return NotImplemented.
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